Chapter 31 of the Tao Te Ching reflects on the nature of weapons and war, describing them as tools of misfortune and advocating for peace. It suggests that all beings detest them and that a person who follows the Tao avoids them whenever possible. The text emphasizes that weapons should be used only as a last resort and with a sense of sorrow for the necessity of their use, not with enthusiasm or joy. This chapter promotes the values of peace and compassion, highlighting the importance of valuing life and seeking peaceful resolutions over conflict and warfare. The teachings suggest that even in victory, there is no beauty in war, and those who find joy in victory delight in the slaughter of humanity, which is against the way of the Tao.
Theme Introduction: Begin with a somber, introspective melody that embodies the gravity and sorrow associated with the tools of war. The alto or tenor line could introduce this theme, supported by gentle yet solemn harmonies in the soprano, bass, and remaining voice, suggesting a collective mourning or lamentation for the necessity of conflict.
Key and Harmony: A minor key would be appropriate to convey the mood of solemnity and reflection, with harmonies that are rich in suspended chords and minor seconds to underscore the tension and unease that come with the contemplation of warfare.
Contrast between Conflict and Peace: Develop the theme through contrasting sections that musically represent the tension between the inclination towards conflict and the higher calling towards peace. This could involve a dialogue between more dissonant passages, symbolizing the discord of war, and more consonant, resolved phrases, evoking the harmony and tranquility of peace.
Dynamic and Textural Variations: Use a dynamic range from piano to mezzo-forte to illustrate the emotional landscape of the chapter, from the quiet sorrow of recognizing the horror of war to the more assertive longing for peace, with textural contrasts to enhance the narrative of moving from conflict towards resolution.
Contemplative Passage: Transition to a reflective section, possibly modulating to a related major key to offer a glimpse of hope and the potential for peace. This section should feature a melody that is more lyrical and flowing, with the voices coming together in a more unified texture, symbolizing the unity and mutual respect that underpin a peaceful society.
Harmonic Warmth: Employ warm, major harmonies to convey a sense of hope and the healing power of compassion and peace, illustrating the chapter's advocacy for valuing life and seeking harmonious resolutions.
Reprise and Integration: Return to the initial somber theme, now informed by the reflective elements of the contemplative section, symbolizing a matured understanding and renewed commitment to peace. This reprise should offer a sense of solemn resolution, affirming the chapter's message of the sorrowful necessity of conflict and the inherent dignity in striving for peace.
Final Cadence: Conclude with a strong, resolved cadence in the minor key, leaving a feeling of solemn acceptance and deep reflection, mirroring the Taoist belief in the importance of approaching conflict with gravity and striving for peace as the highest virtue.
This 4-part chorale setting for Chapter 31 of the Tao Te Ching would invite singers and listeners to meditate on the solemn nature of conflict and the profound value of peace. Through the interplay of melodies, harmonies, and dynamic contrasts, the composition aims to capture the essence of the Taoist perspective on warfare and peace, highlighting the dignity of life and the necessity of approaching the use of force with sorrow and the pursuit of peace with resolve.