The chorale opens with a simple, plaintive melody reflecting Paul's frustration with the Corinthians' spiritual immaturity, utilizing minor key harmonies to underscore the gravity of division.
This section transitions to a major key, symbolizing the stable and unifying foundation of Jesus Christ, with harmonious lines representing the solidity of this foundation.
Themes of growth are explored with ascending lines and complex harmonies, illustrating the act of building upon the foundation of Christ with various materials, signifying the diversity of spiritual works.
The climax celebrates believers as God's temple and the wisdom from God, weaving together themes from previous parts to emphasize unity in Christ and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit.